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Staphylococcus

Todar's Online Textbook of Bacteriology

Staphylococcus

© 2005 Kenneth Todar University of Wisconsin-Madison Department of Bacteriology

Staphylococcus aureus. Electron micrograph from Visuals Unlimited, with permission.

The Staphylococci

Staphylococci are Gram-positive spherical bacteria that occur in microscopic clusters resembling grapes. Bacteriological culture of the nose and skin of normal humans invariably yields staphylococci. In 1884, Rosenbach described the two pigmented colony types of staphylococci and proposed the appropriate nomenclature: Staphylococcus aureus (yellow) and Staphylococcus albus (white). The latter species is now named Staphylococcus epidermidis. Although more than 20 species of Staphylococcus are described in Bergey's Manual (2001), only Staphylococcus aureus and Staphylococcus epidermidis are significant in their interactions with humans. S. aureus colonizes mainly the nasal passages, but it may be found regularly in most other anatomical locales. S epidermidis is an inhabitant of the skin.

Taxonomically, the genus Staphylococcus is in the Bacterial family Staphylococcaceae, which includes three lesser known genera, Gamella, Macrococcus and Salinicoccus. The best-known of its nearby phylogenetic relatives are the members of the genus Bacillus in the family Bacillaceae, which is on the same level as the family Staphylococcaceae. The Listeriaceae are also a nearby family.

Staph Infections

KidsHealth > Parents > Infections > Bacterial & Viral Infections > Staph Infections

Conditions known as staph infections are those caused by the bacteria Staphylococcus aureus. Many healthy people carry staph bacteria in their noses without getting sick. But when the skin is punctured or broken, staph bacteria can enter the wound and cause infections, which can lead to other health problems.

You can help prevent your child from developing a staph infection by encouraging regular hand washing, keeping your child's skin clean with a daily bath, and keeping areas that have been cut clean or covered.

How Do Staph Infections Spread?
Staph can spread through the air, on contaminated surfaces, and from person to person. A child can carry staph bacteria from one area of his or her body to another on dirty hands and under dirty fingernails. Staph can pass from person to person the same way. So hand washing is the most important way to prevent staph infections from developing.

You can also help prevent staph skin infections by keeping your child's skin clean with a daily bath or shower. If your child has a skin condition such as eczema that makes frequent bathing difficult, it's a good idea to speak with your child's doctor.

Keep areas of the skin that have been injured - cuts, scrapes, and rashes caused by allergic reactions or poison ivy - clean and covered, and use any other treatments that your doctor suggests.

methicillin-resistant staphylococcus aureus (MRSA)

'Superbug' Outbreaks Occurring in Children, Otherwise Healthy People Reviewed By Michael Smith, MD
April 20, 2004 -- A dangerous antibiotic-resistant infection once primarily confined to hospitals appears to be spreading in communities, affecting children and otherwise healthy people.

In years past, methicillin-resistant staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) was seen almost exclusively among very sick hospital patients. However, in recent years, an increasing number of reports of MRSA in the community have surfaced. And this week new research detailing alarming outbreaks of MRSA infection on opposite ends of the U.S. was presented in Philadelphia at the annual meeting of the Society from Healthcare Epidemiology of America.

PICTURES OF STAPH SKIN INFECTIONS

Bacterial Staphylococcus Aureus Pictures

Below are links to Pictures of Staph Skin Infections on the web. Simply click on the links below and the pictures of Staph skin Infections will open in a separate window.

Large picture of Staphylococcal Infection - Impetigo


Staph infected Babys arm


Picture of staph skin infected Dog

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Staphylococcus aureus

Skin Infections and Infestations
	Staphylococcus aureus

Skin Infections and Infestations

Skin Infections and Infestations
	Staphylococcus aureus

Zoonotic Infections

Zoonotic Infections

Zoonoses are diseases transmitted through or from animals to humans. The largest percentage of pets is dogs (32%), followed by cats (27%). Dogs: Rabies is a well known infection transmitted from dogs. The less common ones are reviewed here. Dog bites usually involve a mixture of organisms, including Staphylococcus, Streptococcus, Corynebacterium, Pasteurella, and anaerobic species. The family dog is a reservoir for group A streptococci, which have purportedly caused recurrent pharyngitis in families. Staphylococcus aureus can be transmitted between humans and dogs and may therefore be a source for unexplained relapsing infections. Parasites of dogs occasionally establish a "wormhold" in humans. A child who often visits a neighborhood park shared by local dogs may develop symptoms of ocular, visceral, or cutaneous larva migrans. Prevention is vital in avoiding these parasites.

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